Amos 'n' Andy
Volume 4

Their first meeting took place in Durham, North Carolina in 1919, as a young man from Peoria, Illinois named Charles Correll was introduced to his future partner, Freeman Gosden from Richmond, Virginia. Both men were employed by the Joe Bren Producing Company, which specialized in helping amateur talent present shows for clubs, fraternal organizations and church groups. Gosden and Correll quickly discovered that they had an unbeatable chemistry together, and so their partnership soon extended beyond their regular working hours to include stints on stage as both song-and-patter men and “blackface” artists — “blackface” being a popular form of entertainment at the time. Their first radio appearance was in 1921 and, moving to Chicago four years later, they secured work over WLS as end men for Bren’s weekly minstrel broadcasts and over WEBH as song-and-patter artists -- where their whopping salary consisted solely of a free Blue Plate Dinner special. In the fall of 1925, the duo was hired by WGN, the Chicago Tribune’s radio station, to perform on the air for the truly princely sum of $250.00 a week.

WGN’s station manager Ben McCanna liked Gosden and Correll but felt that their song-and-patter routines were in danger of getting stale. He suggested that they consider an idea he was tinkering with: a radio adaptation of "The Gumps", one of the Tribune’s popular comic strips. Freeman and Charlie didn’t have a good deal of familiarity with the family strip - both men were unmarried and had no children - and, instead, offered one of their own ideas: a radio serial about two black men, transported from the South, who came to the “big city” to seek their fame and fortune. Taking another popular strip, "Mutt and Jeff", as inspiration, the two men felt comfortable enough with their experience in dialect humor to effectively portray what eventually became known as "Sam ‘n’ Henry". WGN balked at the idea at first, but soon reconsidered, throwing Gosden and Correll on the air on January 12, 1926. Six weeks later, the show was a phenomenon, attracting such a large following in the Chicago area that the duo was soon making stage appearances in person as their fictional characters.

WGN had a powerful transmitter, capable of broadcasting over great distances throughout the United States, but Gosden and Correll were even more ambitious: they wanted to expand the audience for "Sam ‘n’ Henry" by recording the programs in advance and sending the discs to other radio stations -- an innovation the two men dubbed a “chainless chain.” What would eventually become standard practice in radio syndication did not sit well with the powers-that-be at WGN, however; the management maintained not only that they owned "Sam ‘n’ Henry," but also that there would be no further talk of that “chainless chain” nonsense. So, before their WGN contract expired, Freeman and Charlie talked with WGN’s rival WMAQ about a possible move. Owned by the Chicago Daily News, the team found WMAQ much more receptive to the concept; the fact that WMAQ would be getting Gosden and Correll by basically stealing them from WGN probably didn’t hurt matters, either. Given WGN's legal position, the two men couldn’t take the "Sam ‘n’ Henry" name with them...so they settled on a more alliterative title instead: "Amos ‘n’ Andy."

"Amos ‘n’ Andy" premiered over WMAQ on March 19, 1928 and quickly surpassed the popularity of "Sam ‘n’ Henry". Again, the program’s concept revolved around two black Southerners who left farm jobs in Georgia for positions in Chicago, only to discover that the tall grass they left in the Peach State was a whole lot greener than that of their new locale. Amos (Gosden), the smaller and younger of the two, was an excitable and enthusiastic character with an admirable work ethic and a fierce streak of loyalty to his friends. Andy (Correll), much larger and slower, frequently preferred taking the shortcuts down life’s highway of steady employment -- but he, too, was loyal when the chips were down...as they often were. In the early days of the serial, the men bought a dilapidated taxi cab and started their own business: The Fresh-Air Taxi Company, Incorpulated. In addition to the leads, "Amos ‘n’ Andy" also featured a colorful array of supporting characters, most of whom belonged to a fraternal organization known as “The Mystic Knights of the Sea.” The most memorable of these was George Stevens who, as lodge president, had dubbed himself the Kingfish. The Kingfish was even more averse to work than Andy; he was, in fact, a con artist who occupied his time fleecing his innocent friends in a never-ending series of shady get-rich-quick schemes. (The Kingfish’s charisma and gift of gab were such that the real-life governor of Louisiana, Huey Long, soon adopted the colorful nickname as his own.)

The success of "Amos ‘n’ Andy" over WMAQ soon attracted the attention of the National Broadcasting Company. Though experiencing some financial problems at the time, NBC was looking for prestigious and successful programs to air nationally and was anxious to sign Gosden and Correll to a long-term contract. Once signed, the Lord & Thomas advertising agency sold the program's sponsorship one of their biggest clients, Pepsodent toothpaste, and "Amos ‘n’ Andy" went national over NBC Blue on August 19, 1929...beginning a run that would continue on network radio, in one form or another, for the next thirty years.

Throughout much of its radio history, "Amos 'n' Andy" was broadcast in a five-day-a-week quarter-hour serial format. However, in the fall of 1943, due to a slow decline in the ratings, Gosden and Correll revamped the show into a half-hour weekly situation comedy. Concerned about the quality of the new version (and also in maintaining the quality of his performances) Correll had most of the programs of the new series recorded on 16" transcription discs for his personal library. In the 1970s, Correll had the programs professionally transferred from discs to top quality 1/2" tape -- but explicitly requested that the commercials for Rinso, by then the show’s sponsor, be edited out at the same time. Thus, though the programs in this collection may be commercial-free, they're all taken right from Charlie Correll’s own transcription collection. The audio fidelity of these shows is astounding - in fact, they sound far better than when they were first heard over NBC in 1943 and 1944 - and have been painstakingly restored for your enjoyment.

In addition to nineteen original broadcasts from 1945 and 1946, this collection concludes with a real rarity: "The Mystic Knights of the Sea Minstrel Show," a mid-1930s attempt to present the characters of "Amos 'n' Andy" in a weekly prime-time slot. The effort was very short-lived, primarily because Gosden and Correll disliked the notion of presenting their characters in the context of a minstrel show, "minstrelsy" being the sort of dated and 19th century concept that the team knew their black listeners might quickly grow to resent. Taken from a worn aircheck found in Charles Correll's library, it is one of only two examples of the series known to exist and, though the audio quality is rather rough, we think that the historic value of the program alone merits its inclusion here.

Lecture Bureau Show
Friday, March 16, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Prentice Clothing Show
Friday, March 23, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Easter Show
Friday, March 30, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Andy Moves In with the Kingfish
Friday, April 6, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Dummy Show
Friday, April 20, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Marriage Show
Friday, April 27, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Baby Picture Show
with guest star Hattie McDaniel
Friday, May 4, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Movie Show
Friday, May 11, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Bouillon Show
Friday, May 18, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Canteen Show
Friday, May 25, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Escort Show
with guest star Hattie McDaniel
Friday, June 1, 1945 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Nerves Show
Tuesday, March 19, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Bald Head Show
Tuesday, March 26, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Model Husband Show
Tuesday, April 2, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Best Dressed Man
Tuesday, April 9, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Travel Bureau Show
Tuesday, April 16, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Flashback Show
Tuesday, April 23, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Eyeglasses Show
Tuesday, April 30, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

Fur Coat Show
Tuesday, May 7, 1946 – 30:00 – NBC, sponsored by Rinso

The Mystic Knights of the Sea Minstrel Show
with guest star Frank Parker